Shofar

The shofar is one of the holy things. The shofar is made from horn.
The shofar's horn
The shofar must be made from horn of deer, or antelope called "kodo" – "Tragelaphus" (the Yemenis Jewish customs), but he can't be made from bull's horn.
The shofar minimal long is eight cm – ten cm (8cm – 10cm).

The History of the shofar

The blast of the shofar was sounded in Mount Sinai. The Jewish nation heard the shofar's blast.
A lot of enemies fought against the Jewish nation, the Jewish leader blew shofar and called the Jewish nation to the war.
In the Temple of Jerusalem, the priest blew shofar every day. The priests blew twenty one times in every day:
• Three blasts for opening the gates.
• Nine blasts for the regular sacrifice of the morning
• Nine blasts for the regular sacrifice of the evening.
On Saturdays, the first day of months, holidays the priest also blew shofar nine blasts more for the others sacrifice – the irregular sacrifices.
On Fridays some minutes before the setting of the sun, the priest also blew shofar six blasts for saying to prepare for Saturday, to quit works, and to distinguish between sacred and profane.

On Sukkot in the Water Libation Ceremony, the priest blew shofar forty two times:
• Three blasts for opening the gates.
• Three blasts on the top gate and three on the down gate
• Three blasts filling water
• Three blast on the altar
• And the normal shofar blasts.
The sounds of the shofar
The shofar has three sounds:
1. T'qiah – slightly (signposted – Ta/T)

2. Sh'varim – These shofar's blasts are composed of three connected short sounds. (signposted – Sh)

3. Teruah – these shofar's blasts are a series of nine very short notes divided into three disconnected or broken sequences of three notes each. (signposted – Ra)

The long of the sounds of the shofar

T'qiah must be longer than sh'varim and teruah.
Teruah must be equal to sh'varim in duration.
The Mitzvah of the shofar
We must hear the sounds of the shofar on Rosh Hashanah. Blowing shofar has no reason, the only reason is g-d orders us to heard shofar. But the Maimonides said we must hear shofar also because to arouse the heart to repent, the sounds of the shofar cause us to miss g-d.
We must hear T'qiah, teruah, T'qiah three times, but we don't know what "teruah" is. if the "teruah" was "Sh'varim" or "teruah" or "Sh'varim - teruah". So we do all:
1. T'qiah, Sh'varim, teruah, T'qiah (TaShRaT) x3 (four sounds X3)
2. T'qiah, Sh'varim, T'qiah (TaShaT) x3 (three sounds X3)
3. T'qiah, teruah, T'qiah (TaRaT) x3 (three sounds X3)
Four sounds X3 + three sounds X3 + three sounds X3 = thirty sounds
• So from the Torah we must hear nine sounds of shofar on Rosh Hashanah (T'qiah, teruah, T'qiah X3)
• From our sages we must hear thirty sounds of shofar on Rosh Hashanah (TaShRaT x3, TaShaT x3, and TaRaT x3)
• We blow three times thirty sounds of shofar (3X30=90) and one times ten sounds (TaShRaT, TaShaT, and TaRaT) on Rosh Hashanah.

In Rosh Hashanah we blow the shofar one hundred times (for the Spanish customs – one hundred and one times).

Yom Kippur

On the end of Yom Kippur before the fast is over we are blow shofar to say the is over

The Yovel

The Yovel is one of the land of Israel's Mitzvahs. The seventh year is Shmita, in this year we mustn't work farming. After seven Shmiths is the Yovel.
When the Yovel was, all the Jewish slaves were freed. On the Yovel the Jewish nation blew the shofar.